brookcove
Posted : 10/20/2006 8:55:21 AM
Early dog food, which was a product of the meat packers and "knackers" was granular like the Abady (you can still find some European feeds in similiar form) - in the days before WWII when grain was expensive and mostly produced locally. Canned food was mostly horsemeat, as cars replaced horses as the primary means of transportation between the world wars. The other feeding choice available was a hard baked slightly sweet "biscuit" - a term borrowed from the inventor, who was British (biscuits are the equivalent term for "cookie" here).
Extrusion was a technology that developed in conjunction with the second world war and was applied widely to dog food by the Purina Company in the 1950s. At that time, dog food moved from the animal feed store or the butcher's to the grocery store for the first time. Convenience was the name of the game for the wealthy but largely servantless households of the baby boom years.
Purina was probably one of the first to add a complete profile of vitamins to their feeds, although several of the previous products of the prewar years also did this and claimed to be "health foods", curing dogs of everything from worms to cancer (sound familiar?). Dogs therefore did indeed do well on these feeds, compared to pure canned horsefeed or wheat-based biscuits or table scraps. At the same time, Hill's and other companies developed their first specialty diets for renal failure and dogs with heart disease. These were valuable tools to make sure a client wasn't feeding pure horsemeat to a dog with renal failure or bacon fat and bread crumbs to a dog with congestive heart failure.
Following Purina's lead, the big mills began producing foods that used the bits and pieces of the food industry. The public at this time was pretty, um, unsceptical when it came to advertising. Well, they are now, but industry was more in lockstep at that time - differing voices were hard to find. So if it was advertised in the magazines, the radio, or TV, they believed it. "Smoking is actually healthy for you!" "Your desk will protect you in case of nuclear attack!" "Table scraps will kill your dog!"
Thus they persuaded the public that dog nutrition was an obscure science that only dog food companies and experts could fathom. We'll never know what the result was when the foxes were in charge of the henhouse. Labels weren't required to offer complete nutritional information on dog food until just the last couple of decades or so ago.
We are aware of what was going on in other industries and in government during this time. It's difficult for me to believe, as an historian, that pet food producers were bucking the trend of milking the public's credibility for maximum profit - maximizing profit while decreasing quality of product or service.
Well, just an historic perspective.